In summary, Ileal Interposition is the process of switching the first part of the small intestine with the end part. This operation works on the principle of increasing the levels of hormones that increase insulin sensitivity by disabling the hormones that cause insulin resistance.
Ileal interposition surgery is a surgical treatment method specifically developed for the treatment of Type 2 Diabetes. Metabolic syndrome includes hypertension, cholesterol and triglyceride elevation and excess weight in combination with Type 2 Diabetes.
Ileal Interposition is not an obesity surgery due to its origin. It is an operation that aims to treat all the health problems within the scope of Metabolic Syndrome, especially Type 2 Diabetes. Therefore, obesity is not among the criteria for ileal interposition surgery. However, ileal interposition surgery should not be confused with surgical methods such as Mini-Gastric Bypass (Single Anastomosis Gastric Bypass), Roux-Y Gastric Bypass (Gastric Bypass), BPD (Biliopancreatic Diversion), DS (Duodenal Switch) which are used in the treatment of obesity and morbid obesity and causes severe absorption disorders.
These surgeries prevent the passage of food from a very long section of the small intestine. After these operations, patients have severe fat and carbohydrate absorption restrictions. With these effects, they provide strong weight loss and patients can maintain this weight loss for a long time. However, due to the severely restricted fat absorption post-operatively, vital vitamins and minerals that are dissolved in the fat cannot be absorbed from the intestine. Shortly after surgery, vitamin and mineral deficiencies begin to emerge rapidly in these patients.
Ileal interposition surgery does not cause absorption restriction or absorption defect. After ileal interposition surgery, patients switch to liquid food intake from day 3 onwards. Within six months to 1 year, they can live without a vitamin or mineral supplement with a completely free diet.
Patients who are eligible for surgery usually stop using all prescribed diabetes, blood pressure and cholesterol medications they use after the ileal interposition surgery. During the postoperative hospitalization period, patients are observed for the course of these diseases. The majority of patients are discharged without using any of these drugs. In some of the patients, while the metabolic effect is expected to be settled, these drugs are continued in lesser, controlled, and gradually decreasing doses, ranging from a few weeks to several months. Once the measurements are normal, all of these medications are discontinued.
